Smlr_net November 2007

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[IWS] CRS: LEAVE BENEFITS in the UNITED STATES--updated 27 July 2007]
by Eugene McElroy 19 Nov '07

19 Nov '07

Congressional Research Service (CRS) Order Code RL34088 Leave Benefits in the United States Updated July 27, 2007 Linda Levine, Specialist in Labor Economics, Domestic Social Policy Division http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL34088_20070727.pdf [full-text, 27 pages] Summary In addition to their jobs, workers have obligations civic, familial, and personal to fulfill that sometimes require them to be absent from the workplace (e.g., to serve on a jury, retrieve a sick child from day care, or attend a funeral). The U.S. government generally has allowed individual employers to decide whether to accommodate the nonwork activities of employees by granting them leave, with or without pay, rather than firing them. In other countries, national governments or the international organizations to which they belong more often have developed social policies that entitle individuals to time off from the workplace (oftentimes paid) for a variety of reasons (e.g., maternity and vacations). Public policies specifically intended to reconcile the work and family lives of individuals have garnered increased attention among countries in the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). In the United States, which is an OECD member, congressional interest recently has coalesced around familyfriendly paid leave proposals (e.g., H.R. 1542 and S. 910, S. 1681, S. 80 and H.R. 3158). They would entitle workers to time off with pay to accomplish parental and caregiving obligations to help women in particular balance work and family responsibilities because they are the typical family caregiver and a majority of women in the U.S. population are in the labor force. Currently, there are few federal statutes that pertain directly or indirectly to employer provision of leave benefits for any purpose. This report begins by reviewing those policies, including the Pregnancy Discrimination Act and the Family and Medical Leave Act. Temporary Disability Insurance (TDI) programs, which five states have established to compensate for lost wages while workers are recovering from nonoccupational illnesses and injuries, are discussed as well. So too is Californias Family Disability Insurance program, which extends TDI to employees caring for family members. The report then examines the incidence of different types of paid leave that U.S. employers voluntarily provide as part of an employees total compensation (wages and benefits). For example, vacations and holidays are the most commonly offered leave benefits: more than three-fourths of employees in the private sector receive paid time off for these reasons. Access to leave by various employee and employer characteristics also is analyzed, with particular attention focused on paid sick leave, which is offered to 57% of private sector employees. The report closes with results from a federal government survey of the average direct cost to businesses of different types of leave. Indirect employer costs that might arise in connection with some types of leave more than others, such as the greater likelihood of hiring and training temporary replacements for employees absent because of maternity versus bereavement reasons, are not included. Neither are estimates of potential gains to employers (e.g., a more stable and experienced workforce, increased productivity due to greater worker morale) and society (e.g., improved public health, lower formal caregiving costs, and broader participation in civic affairs). Contents Federal Laws Pertaining to Leave . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 The Fair Labor Standards Act . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Federal Contractor Legislation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Temporary Disability Insurance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Anti-Discrimination Legislation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 TDI and Family Leave . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 The Family and Medical Leave Act . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 The Birth and Adoption Unemployment Compensation Plan . . . . . . . . . . . 10 The Incidence and Cost of Leave Benefits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Incidence by Employee and Employer Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 In the Private Sector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Among Working Parents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 A Detailed Look at Paid Sick Leave . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Cost to Employers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Concluding Remarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 List of Tables Table 1. Percent of Workers with Paid Leave Benefits by Employee and Employer Characteristics, March 2006 . . . . 14 Table 2. Percent of Workers with Paid Sick Leave by Selected Demographic Characteristics, 2004 . . . . . . . . 17 Table 3. Percent of Workers with Paid Sick Leave by Industry, 2004 . . . . . . . . 18 Table 4. Percent of Workers with Paid Sick Leave by Education, 2004 . . . . . . 19 Table 5. Percent of Workers with Paid Sick Leave by Occupation, 2004 . . . . . 20 Table 6. Earnings of Workers with Paid Sick Leave by Earnings, 2004 . . . . . . 21 Table 7. Employer Costs Per Hour Worked for Employee Compensation, March 2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Table 8. Employer Costs Per Hour Worked for Leave Benefits by Type of Leave and Firm Size, March 2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 ______________________________ **************************************** Stuart Basefsky Director, IWS News Bureau Institute for Workplace Studies Cornell/ILR School 16 E. 34th Street, 4th Floor New York, NY 10016 Telephone: (607) 255-2703 Fax: (607) 255-9641 E-mail: smb6(a)cornell.edu **************************************** -- Eugene McElroy Rutgers University School of Management and Labor Relations Library 50 Labor Center Way New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901 732-932-9513 tel: 732-932-9513 ********

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NYTimes.com: Immigration Dilemma: A Mother Torn From a Baby
by sagauro＠rci.rutgers.edu 17 Nov '07

17 Nov '07

This page was sent to you by: sagauro(a)rci.rutgers.edu. NATIONAL | November 17, 2007 Immigration Dilemma: A Mother Torn From a Baby By JULIA PRESTON A mother's separation from a breast-feeding child, a U.S. citizen, has prompted changes to immigration guidelines. http://www.nytimes.com/2007/11/17/us/17citizen.html?ex=1195880400&en=b2e870… ---------------------------------------------------------- ABOUT THIS E-MAIL This e-mail was sent to you by a friend through NYTimes.com's E-mail This Article service. For general information about NYTimes.com, write to help(a)nytimes.com. NYTimes.com 620 Eighth Avenue New York, NY 10018 Copyright 2007 The New York Times Company

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NYTimes.com: Nurses' Strike Drags on in Appalachia
by sagauro＠rci.rutgers.edu 16 Nov '07

16 Nov '07

This page was sent to you by: sagauro(a)rci.rutgers.edu. BUSINESS | November 16, 2007 Nurses' Strike Drags on in Appalachia By THE ASSOCIATED PRESS HARLAN, Ky. (AP) -- Jerry Blevins has stood for weeks on a picket line with his fellow nurses, thinking about his mortgage, his tearful wife, his four children. http://www.nytimes.com/aponline/business/AP-Nurses-Strike.html?ex=119588040… ---------------------------------------------------------- ABOUT THIS E-MAIL This e-mail was sent to you by a friend through NYTimes.com's E-mail This Article service. For general information about NYTimes.com, write to help(a)nytimes.com. NYTimes.com 620 Eighth Avenue New York, NY 10018 Copyright 2007 The New York Times Company

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NYTimes.com: Ford Workers Approve a Four-Year Contract
by sagauro＠rci.rutgers.edu 15 Nov '07

15 Nov '07

This page was sent to you by: sagauro(a)rci.rutgers.edu. BUSINESS | November 15, 2007 Ford Workers Approve a Four-Year Contract By MICHELINE MAYNARD Over all, 79 percent of union members approved the agreement, which is similar to contracts reached at General Motors and Chrysler. http://www.nytimes.com/2007/11/15/business/15auto.html?ex=1195794000&en=ec1… ---------------------------------------------------------- ABOUT THIS E-MAIL This e-mail was sent to you by a friend through NYTimes.com's E-mail This Article service. For general information about NYTimes.com, write to help(a)nytimes.com. NYTimes.com 620 Eighth Avenue New York, NY 10018 Copyright 2007 The New York Times Company

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RE: SMLR hoodies now on sale]
by Eugene McElroy 14 Nov '07

14 Nov '07

Subject: SMLR hoodies now on sale (let's try it again) please see the attchment for information about the new SMLR hoodie sweat shirt. I bought one myself and its very nice and warm. And at $20 you really can't go wrong. Great to wear to RU sports events. Order yours today (they'll make nice gifts as well). eugene -- Eugene McElroy Rutgers University School of Management and Labor Relations Library 50 Labor Center Way New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901 732-932-9513 tel: 732-932-9513 ******** -- Eugene McElroy Rutgers University School of Management and Labor Relations Library 50 Labor Center Way New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901 732-932-9513 tel: 732-932-9513 ********

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SMLR hoodies now on sale
by Eugene McElroy 14 Nov '07

14 Nov '07

please see the attchment for information about the new SMLR hoodie sweat shirt. I bought one myself and its very nice and warm. And at $20 you really can't go wrong. Great to wear to RU sports events. Order yours today (they'll make nice gifts as well). eugene -- Eugene McElroy Rutgers University School of Management and Labor Relations Library 50 Labor Center Way New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901 732-932-9513 tel: 732-932-9513 ********

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NYTimes.com: Personal Assistants on Call, Just Not in the Next Office
by sagauro＠rci.rutgers.edu 14 Nov '07

14 Nov '07

This page was sent to you by: sagauro(a)rci.rutgers.edu. BUSINESS / SMALL BUSINESS | November 14, 2007 Personal Assistants on Call, Just Not in the Next Office By DAN FOST Entrepreneurs in India are trying to build a new market for the offshore services they offer: helping small businesses cope with even the most mundane day-to-day tasks. http://www.nytimes.com/2007/11/14/business/smallbusiness/14assist.html?ex=1… ---------------------------------------------------------- ABOUT THIS E-MAIL This e-mail was sent to you by a friend through NYTimes.com's E-mail This Article service. For general information about NYTimes.com, write to help(a)nytimes.com. NYTimes.com 620 Eighth Avenue New York, NY 10018 Copyright 2007 The New York Times Company

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NYTimes.com: 4th Woman Joins U.S. Bias Suit Against Bloomberg L.P.
by sagauro＠rci.rutgers.edu 14 Nov '07

14 Nov '07

This page was sent to you by: sagauro(a)rci.rutgers.edu. NEW YORK REGION | November 14, 2007 4th Woman Joins U.S. Bias Suit Against Bloomberg L.P. By RAY RIVERA Another woman has joined the federal government's lawsuit against Bloomberg L.P., accusing the company of discriminating against pregnant employees. http://www.nytimes.com/2007/11/14/nyregion/14pregnant.html?ex=1195707600&en… ---------------------------------------------------------- ABOUT THIS E-MAIL This e-mail was sent to you by a friend through NYTimes.com's E-mail This Article service. For general information about NYTimes.com, write to help(a)nytimes.com. NYTimes.com 620 Eighth Avenue New York, NY 10018 Copyright 2007 The New York Times Company

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NYTimes.com: Building a Nation of Polyglots, Starting With the Very Young
by sagauro＠rci.rutgers.edu 14 Nov '07

14 Nov '07

This page was sent to you by: sagauro(a)rci.rutgers.edu. EDUCATION | November 14, 2007 On Education: Building a Nation of Polyglots, Starting With the Very Young By JOSEPH BERGER With an economy that recognizes few geographical borders, more Americans are demanding language instruction earlier in school. http://www.nytimes.com/2007/11/14/education/14education.html?ex=1195707600&… ---------------------------------------------------------- ABOUT THIS E-MAIL This e-mail was sent to you by a friend through NYTimes.com's E-mail This Article service. For general information about NYTimes.com, write to help(a)nytimes.com. NYTimes.com 620 Eighth Avenue New York, NY 10018 Copyright 2007 The New York Times Company

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[IWS] PEW: OPTIMISM about BLACK PROGRESS DECLINES [13 November 2007]]
by Eugene McElroy 13 Nov '07

13 Nov '07

PEW Research Center Optimism about Black Progress Declines [13 November 2007] Blacks See Growing Values Gap Between Poor and Middle Class http://pewsocialtrends.org/pubs/700/black-public-opinion or http://pewsocialtrends.org/assets/pdf/Race.pdf [full-text, 91 pages] Press Release Blacks See Growing Values Gap Between Poor and Middle Class Optimism About Black Progress Declines November 13, 2007 http://pewresearch.org/pubs/634/black-public-opinion African Americans see a widening gulf between the values of middle class and poor blacks, and nearly four-in-ten say that because of the diversity within their community, blacks can no longer be thought of as a single race, a new Pew Research Center survey has found. The survey also finds blacks less upbeat about the state of black progress now than at any time since 1983. Looking backward, just one-in-five blacks say things are better for blacks now than they were five years ago. Looking ahead, fewer than half of all blacks (44%) say they think life for blacks will get better in the future, down from the 57% who said so in a 1986 survey. AND MORE..... CONTENTS About the Report .i I. Overview ....1 II. Black Progress, Prospects, Values, Identity 16 III. Discrimination and Affirmative Action . 30 IV. Race and Criminal Justice ... 37 V. Race and Popular Culture ... 41 VI. Race Relations . 47 VII. Leadership and Politics in the Black Community 56 Survey Methodology ...64 Questionnaire and topline .......66 ______________________________ This information is provided to subscribers, friends, faculty, students and alumni of the School of Industrial & Labor Relations (ILR). It is a service of the Institute for Workplace Studies (IWS) in New York City. Stuart Basefsky is responsible for the selection of the contents which is intended to keep researchers, companies, workers, and governments aware of the latest information related to ILR disciplines as it becomes available for the purposes of research, understanding and debate. The content does not reflect the opinions or positions of Cornell University, the School of Industrial & Labor Relations, or that of Mr. Basefsky and should not be construed as such. The service is unique in that it provides the original source documentation, via links, behind the news and research of the day. Use of the information provided is unrestricted. However, it is requested that users acknowledge that the information was found via the IWS Documented News Service. **************************************** Stuart Basefsky Director, IWS News Bureau Institute for Workplace Studies Cornell/ILR School 16 E. 34th Street, 4th Floor New York, NY 10016 Telephone: (607) 255-2703 Fax: (607) 255-9641 E-mail: smb6(a)cornell.edu **************************************** -- Eugene McElroy Rutgers University School of Management and Labor Relations Library 50 Labor Center Way New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901 732-932-9513 tel: 732-932-9513 ********

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